Dropdown fields allow for selection of a value within a predetermined dataset.
Forms allow users to complete fields effortlessly.
Anyone, no matter their abilities, can complete forms.
Forms provide dynamic feedback so users can correct errors quickly and confidently.
Dropdown input fields launch a sheet or a popover menu depending on the platform.
Labels are required for all form fields. Labels succinctly describe the field’s purpose and expected input value.
Input dropdowns have multiple layout options.
Use an asterisk to indicate a field is required. Display the word “optional” in parentheses next to the field label if the field isn’t required.
If most fields are required, only indicate the optional fields. If most fields are optional, only indicate the required fields.
Placeholder text, or “ghost text”, is visible until a character is entered or a value is selected.
Because the placeholder text disappears, putting instructions or requirements as placeholder text is not accessible. Helper text is the preferred method to convey this information.
Helper text is placed below the field and informs the user of any requirements or disclaimers. Helper text can be shown persistently or on focus.
When a field fails validation, the helper text produces an error message to help the user successfully fulfill the input requirements. Error messages are concise and direct, and replace any previously visible helper text. An error icon is prepended to the helper text to enhance discoverability.
There are two sizes available: 40px and 48px. These match our button sizes to account for situations where they are inline together. Avoid mixing different sizes in a single form.
Users cannot focus on or change read-only fields. Their input is derived from other parts of the UI and is intended to be viewable for reference. The input is submitted with the form.
Users cannot focus on or change disabled fields. Their availability depends on certain requirements. No value will be submitted from disabled fields.
Content that extends beyond the width of the field is truncated before the icon.
Bordered dropdowns have a minimum width of 2x their height. Borderless dropdowns do not have a minimum width since they hug their contents.
Dropdown buttons and menus have a max width of 280px.
Native apps launch a sheet or fullscreen modal when interacting with the dropdown field. The choice between the modal size is determined by the size and complexity of the list.
Small screens on web disclose a list in a popover menu.
Dropdown input fields disclose a list in a popover menu on medium and large screens across all platforms.
